Standards - BS EN 1155

BS EN 1155: A Comprehensive Overview

Introduction

BS EN 1155 is a European standard that provides a framework for the design, testing, and performance of electrically controlled door holders and closers. These devices are essential components in building safety systems, particularly in the context of fire safety. By holding doors open or allowing them to close in response to fire alarms, these systems contribute significantly to life safety, property protection, and compliance with regulatory standards. This article delves into the various aspects of BS EN 1155, highlighting its importance and impact on building safety.

Scope of BS EN 1155

Definition and Purpose

BS EN 1155 defines electrically controlled door holders, also known as electromagnetic door holders, which are devices designed to hold doors open during normal operation and close them automatically when activated by a fire alarm or smoke detection system. The standard applies to all such devices installed in buildings, ensuring that they meet minimum safety and performance requirements.

The primary purpose of BS EN 1155 is to provide manufacturers, designers, and users with a clear set of guidelines that ensure these devices operate effectively in emergency situations, thereby facilitating safe egress and minimizing the spread of smoke and fire.

Key Requirements

Performance Criteria

The standard specifies several performance criteria that door holders must meet, including:

1. Holding Force: The device must exert sufficient force to hold the door in an open position against the effects of wind and other forces, ensuring the door remains open during normal use.

2. Response Time: Upon receiving a signal from a fire alarm system, the device must release the door promptly, allowing it to close within a specified time frame. This is crucial for ensuring that the door can effectively contain smoke and flames.

3. Durability: The device must withstand repeated use and environmental factors such as temperature fluctuations, humidity, and dust. This durability ensures long-term reliability and safety.

4. Compatibility: The standard stipulates that door holders must be compatible with various types of fire detection systems, allowing for flexible integration in different building designs.

Testing Procedures

Performance Testing

To ensure compliance with BS EN 1155, devices undergo rigorous testing procedures that evaluate their performance under various conditions. These tests include:

1. Mechanical Testing: This involves evaluating the device's ability to hold a door in place and to release it upon activation. Tests measure the holding force and the time taken for the door to close.

2. Environmental Testing: Devices are subjected to various environmental conditions, including extreme temperatures and humidity, to assess their durability and operational reliability.

3. Electrical Testing: The electrical components of the door holder are tested for their response to signals from fire alarm systems, ensuring that they function correctly when needed.

4. Fire Resistance Testing: While not all door holders are required to be fire-resistant, those intended for use in fire doors must undergo fire resistance tests to ensure they can function as intended in the event of a fire.

Safety and Compliance

Importance in Fire Safety

The significance of BS EN 1155 in fire safety cannot be overstated. By ensuring that electrically controlled door holders operate reliably, the standard plays a crucial role in life safety and property protection. In case of a fire, effective door closing can prevent the spread of smoke and flames, providing occupants with critical time to evacuate and facilitating the work of emergency responders.

Legal Compliance

In many jurisdictions, compliance with BS EN 1155 is a legal requirement for certain types of buildings, especially public and commercial structures. Meeting these standards not only enhances safety but also protects building owners from liability in the event of an incident. Compliance is typically verified through third-party certification, providing assurance to building occupants and regulatory bodies that the devices meet established safety criteria.

Installation and Maintenance

Best Practices for Installation

The proper installation of door holders is essential for their effectiveness. Key considerations include:

1. Location: Door holders should be installed in positions that ensure they can effectively hold the door open without obstruction. They should also be close enough to the fire alarm system to receive signals promptly.

2. Alignment: The device must be aligned correctly with the door and frame to ensure it can function as intended. Misalignment can hinder performance and lead to safety risks.

3. Integration with Fire Safety Systems: Door holders must be integrated seamlessly with fire alarm and smoke detection systems to ensure they respond appropriately to alarms.

Maintenance Requirements

Regular maintenance of electrically controlled door holders is critical for ongoing safety and performance. Building managers should implement a maintenance schedule that includes:

1. Routine Inspections: Regular checks should be performed to ensure that door holders are functioning correctly and are free from obstructions.

2. Testing: Periodic testing of the response time and holding force should be conducted to verify that the devices meet performance criteria outlined in BS EN 1155.

3. Repair and Replacement: Any damaged or malfunctioning devices should be repaired or replaced promptly to ensure continued compliance and safety.

Conclusion

BS EN 1155 represents a vital standard in the field of building safety, particularly concerning fire prevention and emergency egress. By establishing clear performance criteria and testing procedures for electrically controlled door holders, the standard helps to ensure that these devices operate reliably during emergencies, protecting lives and property.

Compliance with BS EN 1155 is not only a matter of legal obligation but also a commitment to the safety and well-being of building occupants. As fire safety regulations continue to evolve, adherence to standards like BS EN 1155 will remain crucial in creating safer environments for all.

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This comprehensive overview of BS EN 1155 highlights its significance and necessity in the realm of building safety and fire prevention.